Books, Internet, Audio and Video Tapes & Dissertation

1973 Frederick, E.C. The Running Body, World Publications, Palo Alto, CA.-the physiology of running for lay readers.

1977 Frederick, E.C. An Analysis of Muscle Design in the Primary Ankle Extensors of Mephitis mephitis. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Northern Arizona University

1984 Frederick, E.C. (Editor), Sport Shoes and Playing Surfaces: Their Biomechanical Properties, Human Kinetics Publishers,Champaign, IL- a collection of scholarly reviews on the biomechanics of sport shoes and surfaces.

1986 Kiesling, Stephen & E.C. Frederick, Walk On: A Toolkit for Building Your Own Walking Fitness Program. Rodale Press

1988 Kiesling, Stephen & E.C. Frederick, (ghost authors) HealthWalking, Nike & SyberVision, Newark, CA - a complete fitness system based on walking - 60 min Video, booklet, 4 audio tapes.

1988 Kiesling, Stephen & E.C. Frederick, Nike CrossTraining System, Nike Fitness Information, Beaverton, OR - 4 audio tapes and a 64 page book on CrossTraining

2007 Frederick, E. C. & S. W. Yang (eds) Proceedings: VIIIth Footwear Biomechanics Symposium, Taipei 2007, Footwear Biomechanics Group, pp 160.

2008 Ruan Mianfang & E. C. Frederick, Li Ning Glossary of Footwear and Biomechanics Terminology: English and Chinese. http://exeter-research.com/indexGlossary.html


Papers, Reviews, Chapters & Abstracts

Out of a fondness for teaching and new ideas, I have given my non-technical writing skills regular exercise. This has led to more than 70 articles in lay publications such as American Health, Runner's World, Modern Athlete & Coach, Track Technique, Running, The Washington Post, Walking, and so on. These articles have covered a range of subjects, but the majority have been about scientific topics related to health and fitness. The above-mentioned articles are intentionally not listed in this vita, because they are not strictly the product of my professional labors. I must confess, though, that this writing, along with what little teaching I have had time for, has helped me accept life without students and blackboards, one of the most difficult adjustments to working in research and administration. The publications listed below are technical, research publications. ( NB: "A" following the date indicates an abstract; "CH" indicates a chapter in a book)

Research Publications:

Frederick, E.C. and G.E. Goslow, Jr. Lack of fast glycolytic fibers in the ankle extensors of the striped skunk, Mephitis mephitis J. Histochem. Cytochem. 24: 959-960, 1976.

Frederick, E.C., and G.E. Goslow, Jr. Histochemical properties of the primary ankle extensors of the striped skunk, Mephitis mephitis. Amer. Zool. 16: 221, 1976 A

Frederick, E.C. and D.M. Roddy. An histochemical approach to the evolution of adaptations for saltation in pocket mice and kangaroo rats. J. Ariz. Acad. Sciences11:163,1976A

Frederick, E.C. and J.W. Hermanson. Categories of muscle design in the ricochetal rodent, Dipodomys merriami. Abstract Volumes of the XXVII Congres International des Sciences Physiologiques PP.263, 1977 A)

Frederick, E.C. Muscle design in the ankle extensors of Mephitis mephitis Amer. Zool. 17(4): 954, 1977 A

Williamson, R.G., Jr. and E. C. Frederick. A functional analysis of ankle extension in the ricochetal rodent, Dipodomys merriami, Anatomia Histologia Embryologia 6: 157-166, 1977.

Frederick, E. C. , H.A. Dingemans, L.D. Coss and S.D. Aird. An inquiry into the possible role of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in the adaptation of a semi-fossorial rodent, Dipodomys ordii to moderate hypercapnia. J. Ariz. Acad. Sciences 12:9-11, 1977

van De Graaf, K.M., E. C. Frederick, R.G. Williamson and G. E. Goslow, Jr. Motor units and fiber types of the primary ankle extensors of the skunk, Mephitis mephitis. J. Neurophysiology 40(6): 1424-1431, 1977

Frederick, E. C. A statistical model of endurance in running. Can.J.Appl.Sport Sci. 2: 127-132, 1977

Frederick, E. C., G. E. Goslow, Jr, S. A. Rasmussen and M.A. Hamant. Correlation of histochemical and physiological properties of motor units of the striped skunk, Mephitis mephitis. Experientia 34:372-374, 1978

Frederick, E.C., E.T. Howley, S.K. Powers. Lower Oxygen cost while running in air cushion type shoe. Med. Sci. Sports and Exercise, 12(2): 81, 1980A

Frederick, E.C. and T.E. Clarke. Consequences of scaling on impact loading in running Med. Sci. Sports and Exercise, 13(2): 96, 1981 A

Frederick, E.C., J.L. Hagy and R.A. Mann, Predicting vertical impact force in running. J. Biomechanics 14 (7): 498, 1981 A

Frederick, E. C. and T.E. Clarke. Body size and biomechanical consequences. In: R.C. Cantu and W.J. Gillespie (Eds.) Sports medicine, Sports Science: Bridging the Gap. pp. 47-57, Collamore Press, Lexington, MA 1982

Clarke, T.E., E.C. Frederick. Dynamic load displacement characteristics of various midsole materials. J. Biomechanics 15(4): 340, 1982 A

Clarke, T.E., E.C.Frederick and L.B. Cooper. The effects of shoe cushioning upon selected force and temporal patterns in running. Med. Sci. Sports and Exercise 14(2): 144, 1982 A

Frederick, E.C., J.T. Daniels, and J.W Hayes. The effect of shoe weight on the aerobic demands of running. Int. J. Sports Medicine. 2(2): 28, 1982 A

Frederick, E.C. The influence of biomechanics on the design of sports equipment. Abstract volume. 6th Annual Conference American Society of Biomechanics,pp. 37, 1982 A

Burke, E.R., H.L. Falsetti, C. Ratering, E.C.Frederick, R.Feld and H. Hamilton. Hematological variations after endurance running with regular and air soled shoes. Med. Sci. Sports and Exercise, 15(2): 146, 1983 A

Clarke, T.E. , E.C. Frederick and H. F. Hlavac. The effects of a soft orthotic upon rearfoot control in running. Podiatric Sports Medicine 1(1): 20-23, 1983

Frederick, E.C., T.E.Clarke, C.L.Hamill, Shoe design and rearfoot control in running. Med. Sci. Sports and Exercise, 15(2): 176, 1983 A

Ryan, A.J.,R.Brown, E.R. Burke, H. Falsetti and E.C. Frederick. Overtraining of athletes. Physician and Sportsmedicine 11(6):93-110, 1983

Frederick, E. C. Measuring the effects of shoes and surfaces on the economy of locomotion. In: Nigg, B.M. and B.A. Kerr (Eds.) Biomechanical Aspects of Sport Shoes and Playing Surfaces. The University of Calgary, pp. 93-106, 1983

Falsetti, H.L., E.R. Burke, R. Feld, E. C. Frederick and C. Ratering. Hematological variations after endurance running with hard and soft-soled running shoes. Physician and Sportsmedicine 11(8):118-127, 1983

Clarke, T. E. , E.C. Frederick and C.L. Hamill. The effect of shoe design upon rearfoot control in running. Med. Sci. in Sports Exercise 15(5): 376-381, 1983

Frederick, E. C., T. E. Clarke, J.L. Larsen and L.B. Cooper. The effects of shoe cushioning on the oxygen demands of running. In: Nigg, B.M. and B.A. Kerr (Eds.) Biomechanical Aspects of Sport Shoes and Playing Surfaces. The University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, pp. 107-114, 1983

Clarke, T.E. , E. C. Frederick and L.B. Cooper. Biomechanical measurement of running shoe cushioning properties. ibid. pp. 25-34, 1983

Clarke, T.E., E. C. Frederick and L.B. Cooper. The effects of shoe cushioning upon ground reaction forces in running. Int. J. Sports Med. 4(4):247-251, 1983

Frederick, E.C., Extrinsic biomechanical aids. In: M. Williams (Ed.), Ergogenic Aids in Sport, Human Kinetics Publishers, Champaign, IL, pp.323-339,1983 CH

Frederick, E. C., Physiological and ergonomics factors in running shoe design. Applied Ergonomics 15(4): 281-287, 1984

Frederick, E. C., J.T. Daniels and J.W. Hayes The effect of shoe weight on the aerobic demands of running. In: Bachl, N. , L. Prokop, and R. Suckert (Eds.) Current Topics in Sports Medicine, Proceedings of the World Congress of Sports Medicine. Urban and Schwarzenberg, Vienna, pp. 616-625, 1984

Clarke, T.E., E.C. Frederick, C.L. Hamill. The study of rearfoot movement in running. In: E.C. Frederick (Ed.), Sport Shoes and Playing Surfaces, Human Kinetics Publishers, Champaign, IL pp. 166-189, 1984 CH

Frederick, E.C., T.E. Clarke, C.L. Hamill. The effect of running shoe design on shock attenuation. In: E.C. Frederick (Ed.), Sport Shoes and Playing Surfaces, Human Kinetics Publishers, Champaign, IL pp. 190-198, 1984 CH

Robinson, J.R., E.C. Frederick and L.B. Cooper. Running participation and foot dimensions. Med. Sci. Sports and Exercise 16(2): 200, 1984 A

Frederick, E.C. Exercise metabolism. Journal of the American Medical Association 252: 556-557, 1984

Howley, E.T., L.J. Goodyear, C.L. Hamill and E.C. Frederick. The oxygen cost of downhill running. Med. Sci. Sports and Exercise 16(2): 174, 1984 A

Hamill, C.L., T.E. Clarke, E.C. Frederick, L.J. Goodyear and E.T. Howley. Effects of grade running on kinematics and impact force. Med. Sci. Sports and Exercise 16(2): 185, 1984 A

Frederick, E.C. E.T. Howley, C.L.Hamill, and L.B. Cooper. Ventilatory contributions to shock attenuation. Med. Sci. Sports and Exercise 16(2): 185, 1984 A

Frederick, E.C. Science at play. Nature 311:321-322, 1984

Valiant, G.A., T. McGuirk, T.A. McMahon and E.C. Frederick. Static friction characteristics of cleated outsole samples. Med. Sci. Sports and Exercise 17(2): 156, 1985 A

Frederick , E. C. The energy cost of load carriage on the feet during running. In: Winter, D.A., R. W. Norman, R. P. Wells, K. C. Hayes, and A. E. Patla (Editors), Biomechanics IX-B Human Kinetics Publ., Champaign, IL, pp.295-300, 1985

Frederick, E. C. The Runner – Energy and Endurance – In Reply Journal of the Amer. Medical Assoc. 253(17): 2494, 1985

Frederick, E.C., Synthesis, experimentation and the biomechanics of economical movement. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise. 17(1): 44-47, 1985

Frederick, E. C. Biomechanical consequences of sport shoe design. In: Pandolf, K. B. (Ed.),Exercise and Sports Sciences Reviews, Volume 14, Chapter 13, pp. 375-400, New York: Macmillan-Collamore, 1986 CH

Frederick, E. C. Kinematically mediated effects of sport shoe design. J Spts Sci. 4: 169-184, 1986

Nigg, B.M., E.C. Frederick, M. Hawes & S. Luethi. Factors influencing short-term pain and injury in tennis. Int. J. Sports Biom. 2(3): 156-165, 1986

Luethi, S., E.C. Frederick, M. R. Hawes, and B.M. Nigg. Influence of shoe construction on lower extremity kinematics and load during lateral movements in tennis. Int. J. Sports Biom. 2 (3):166-174, 1986

Frederick, E.C. In search of the asymptote: projecting the limits of human performance International Journal of Sports Biomechanics 2:1-5, 1986.

Frederick, E.C.and J.L. Hagy. Factors influencing peak vertical ground reaction forces in running Intern. J. Sports Biomech. 2:41-49, 1986

Frederick, E.C., E.T. Howley, S.K. Powers. Lower oxygen cost while running in soft soled shoes. Research Quarterly 57: 174-177 , 1986

Robinson, J.R., E.C. Frederick and L.B. Cooper. Systematic ankle stabilization and its effect on performance. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 18(6):625-628, 1986

Frederick, E.C. Estimates of the energy cost of rifle carriage in biathlon ski skating Intern. J. Sports Biomech. 3 (4): 392-403, 1987

McMahon, T.A., G.A. Valiant, and E.C. Frederick. Groucho running: a dimensionless group controlling the compliance of running. J. Appl. Physiol. 62(6): 2326-2337, 1987

Frederick, E. C., J.R. Robinson, and C.L. Hamill. Rearfoot kinematics and ground reaction forces in elite caliber twin runners. Biomechanics X-B pp.809-812, 1987

Frederick, E.C. Biomechanical aspects of endurance. In: D. MacLeod, R. Maughan, M. Nimmo,T. Reilly, & C. Williams(Eds.) Exercise - Benefits, Limits and Adaptations. London: E. & F.N. Spon, 1987. pp 205-219 CH

Valiant, G. A., T. A. McMahon, and E.C. Frederick. A new test to evaluate the cushioning properties of athletic shoes. Biomechanics X -B pp. 937-941, 1987

Frederick, E.C., Anforderungen an die Konstruktion von Laufschuhen In: Segesser, B. and W. Pförringer (Eds.), Der Schuh im Sport, Erlangen, WG: Perimed Fachbuch-Verlagsgesellschaft, 1987 pp. 31-39 CH

Frederick, E.C. & Glenn M. Street. Nordic Ski Racing: Biomedical and Technical Improvements in Cross-Country Skiing. Scientific American 258(2): T20-T22, February 1988.

Frederick, E. C. Seoul Shoes: Biomechanical and Technical Developments in Running Shoes. Scientific American 258(9): T14 - T16, September 1988.

Frederick, E.C., The Running Shoe: Dilemmas and Dichotomies in Design. In: Segesser, B. and W. Pförringer (Eds.), The Shoe In Sport, Yearbook Medical Publishers, Chicago 1989 pp. 26-35 CH

Robinson, J.R., & E.C. Frederick. Scaling of foot dimensions. J. Biomech. 22(10):1074, 1989 A

Frederick, E. C. & P. Hoag. Reliability and validity of tests of ski glide performance. Proceedings of IOC World Congress on Sports Science 1989

Cavanagh, P.R., J. Robinson, I. McClay, T. Andriacchi, C. Edington, E. C. Frederick, E. Gross, S. Hass, M. Lake, P. Martin, T. Miller, N. Scott, G. Valiant, K. R. Williams. A Biomechanical Perspective on Stress Fractures in Professional Basketball Players. Med. Sci. Sports and Exercise 22(2): 1990 A

Robinson, J.R., & E.C. Frederick. Human sexual dimorphism of feet. Amer. J. Human Biol. (2(2): 195-196, 1990

Frederick, E.C. Scale effects in running. In: P.R.Cavanagh (Editor) Biomechanics of Distance Running, Human Kinetics Publ. Champaign, IL. 1990. pp. 307-320 CH

Edington, C.J., E.C. Frederick, & P.R. Cavanagh. Rearfoot motion in distance running. In: P.R.Cavanagh (Editor) Biomechanics of Distance Running, Human Kinetics Publ. Champaign, IL . 1990. pp. 135-164 CH

Frederick, E.C. Mechanical Constraints. In: P.O. Åstrand & R.J. Shephard (Eds.) Sports and Endurance: The Encyclopedia of Sports Medicine. Chapter 15. Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1991, pp. 165-170 CH

Frederick, E.C. Economy of Movement. In: P.O. Åstrand & R.J. Shephard (Eds.) Sports and Endurance: The Encyclopedia of Sports Medicine. Chapter 17. Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1991, pp. 181-187 CH

Frederick, E. C. and K. P. Hartner. Harnessing Local Pressures: A New Tool for Sports Performance Enhancement. In: Proceedings: Sensors Expo October 1-3, 1991, pp. 206A1-206A5, Peterborough, NH: Helmers Publishing, 1991

Dressendorfer, R.H., C.E. Wade, and E. C. Frederick. Effect of shoe cushioning on the development of Reticulocytosis in distance runners. Amer. J. Sports Med. 20(2):212-216, 1992

Frederick, E.C., Mechanical Constraints on Nordic Ski Performance. Med. Sci. Sports Exercise. 24(9):1010-1014, 1992

Frederick, E. C. & K. P. Hartner. The Evolution of Foot Pressure Measurement Technologies. Sensors 10(6):30-35 1993

Frederick, E.C., Optimal Frictional Properties for Sport Shoes and Sport Surfaces. Biomechanics in Sports XI (International Soc. of Biomech. In Sports) 11:15-22, 1993

McClay, I. S., J. R. Robinson, T. P. Andriacci, E. C. Frederick, T. Gross, P. Martin, G. Valiant, K. R. Williams & P.R. Cavanagh. A kinematic profile of skills in professional basketball players. Journal of Applied Biomechanics 10(3):205-221, 1994

McClay, I. S., J. R. Robinson, T. P. Andriacci, E. C. Frederick, T. Gross, P. Martin, G. Valiant, K. R. Williams & P.R. Cavanagh. A profile of ground reaction forces in professional basketball players. Journal of Applied Biomechanics 10(3):222-236, 1994

Frederick, E. C. & J. A. Himmelsbach. Biomechanics of Court Sports. Proceedings of the Ninth Biomechanics Seminar (Edited by Christian Högfors & Gunnar Andréasson), pp. 1-19, Göteborg, Sweden, 1995

Wojcieszak, C and E. C. Frederick. Determining the Cushioning Characteristics of Replacement Insoles. In: Shorten, M., A. Knicker, G-P. Brüggemann,(Eds.): Proceedings of the Second Symposium of the ISB Working Group on Functional Footwear - Cologne, (p.36-37) International Society of Biomechanics, 1995

Frederick, E. C. Biomechanical Requirements of Basketball Shoes. In: Shorten, M., A. Knicker, G-P. Brüggemann,(Eds.): Proceedings of the Second Symposium of the ISB Working Group on Functional Footwear - Cologne, (pp 18-19) International Society of Biomechanics, 1995

Street, G & E C Frederick. Measuring Skier Generated Forces During Roller Ski Skating Journal of Applied Biomechanics 11(3): 245-256, 1995

Wojcieszak, C, P. Jiang, and E C Frederick, A Comparison of Two Friction Measuring Methods. Proceedings of 3rd Symposium on Footwear Biomechanics (edited by Y Kaneko), Tokyo, Japan 1997

Frederick, E. C., J. J. Determan, S. N. Whittlesley, and J. Hamill . Biomechanics of Skateboarding: Kinetics of the "Ollie". Proceedings of the 6th Symposium on Footwear Biomechanics, (edited by P. Milburn), pp. 28--29, Dunedin, New Zealand, 2003

Frederick, E. C.. A Peek Down Under the Rug. Proceedings of the 6th Symposium on Footwear Biomechanics, (edited by P. Milburn), pp. 26-27, Dunedin, New Zealand, 2003

Determan, J., E. C. Frederick, E.C., & Cox, J.. Impact Forces During Skateboarding Landings. In Proceedings of the Thirteenth Biennial Conference, Canadian Society for Biomechanics. (p. 28). Halifax, Canada. Canadian Society for Biomechanics, 2004

Frederick, E. C., & Craig Wojcieszak . Chapter 16, Textile use in sport shoes. In, Textiles in Sports (edited by R. Shishoo) (pp. 339-351 )Woodhead Publishing LTD, Cambridge, UK, 2005

Frederick, E. C., J. J. Determan, S. N. Whittlesley, and J. Hamill . Biomechanics of Skateboarding: Kinetics of the Ollie. J Applied Biomechanics 22(1):34 - 40, 2006

J. J. Determan, E. C. Frederick, J. S. Cox, and, M. N. Nevitt, Kinetics of the Skateboarding Kick Flip. Journal of Biomechanics 39(S1): S188, 2006A

J. J. Determan, E. C. Frederick, J. S. Cox, and, M. N. Nevitt, Kinetics of the Skateboarding Kick Flip, In, Fifth World Congress of Biomechanics, Munich (Germany) (edited by D. Liepsch), Medimond S.r.l. Bologna, Italy p. 221-224, 2006

J. J. Determan, E. C. Frederick, J. S. Cox, and, M. N. Nevitt, Reporting Shear Ground Reaction Forces During Skateboard Landings, In, Proceedings: VIIIth Footwear Biomechanics Symposium, Taipei (Taiwan) (edited by E. C Frederick & S. W. Yang), Footwear Biomechanics Group, Exeter, NH USA p. 89-90, 2007

J. J. Determan, E. C. Frederick, J. S. Cox, and, M. N. Nevitt. High Impact Forces in Skateboarding Landings Affected by Landing Outcome. Research in Sports Medicine: An International Journal. (accepted for publication)

Matthew Nevitt, Jeremy Determan, Joseph Cox & Edward Frederick. Ground Reaction Forces in Skateboarding: The Ollie. In, Proceedings: 2008 North American Congress on Biomechanics (NACOB, Ann Arbor (USA) 2008 (In Press)

M. Ruan & E. C. Frederick, Glossary of Footwear and Biomechanics Terminology, English-Chinese-English, Footwear Science, 1(1): 47-69, 2009

J. Determan, M. Nevitt, and E. C. Frederick, Measuring the Shock Attenuation Properties of Skateboarding Shoes, in Proceedings: IXth Footwear Biomechanics Symposium, (edited by D. Stefanyshyn, J. Worobets, and G. Luo), Footwear Science Vol. 1 Issue S1 p 126-127, 2009

J. Determan, M. Nevitt, J. Cox and E. C. Frederick, Tibial Accelerations During Snowboarding Jump Landings: A Pilot Study, in Proceedings: IXth Footwear Biomechanics Symposium, (edited by D. Stefanyshyn, J. Worobets, and G. Luo), Footwear Science Vol. 1 Issue S1 p 95-96, 2009

J. J. Determan, E. C. Frederick, J. S. Cox, and, M. N. Nevitt. High Impact Forces in Skateboarding Landings Affected by Landing Outcome. (accepted for publication)



Patents:

"Athletic shoe with heel stabilizer" US Patent No. 4354318

"Shock absorbing sole layer", US Patent No. 4535366

"Sole with V-Oriented Flex Groove" US Patent No. 4562651

"Electronic device for determining the speed, distance traversed, elapsed time and calories expended by a person while running", US Patent No. 4578769

"Shoe Insole With Bottom Pattern", US Patent D-341023

"Finger Watch", US Patent D-498425

“Finger Watch”, US Patent D-501412

“Finger Watch”, US Patent D-501144

"Housing for electronic device wearable on user's finger", European Patent EP1462880

"Housing for electronic device wearable on user's finger" US Patent, US2004/190383 (application)

“Footwear with Enhanced Impact Protection” US Patent, 7,020,988

“Footwear with Enhanced Impact Protection” US Patent, 7,278,226

“一种鞋的可调节的减震装置”("Adjustable Shock Attenuating Means for Footwear”) Chinese Patent, CN 2930368Y